Eric J Wailes and Janet Livezey(1) Abstract: Annual U rice imports have increased from 7000 metric tons in 1980 to through the whole extent of 150.

Eric J Wailes and Janet Livezey(1)

Abstract: Annual U rice imports have increased from 7000 metric tons in 1980 to through the whole extent of 150,000 in 1990. Analysis of the product in imports shows that from 1988 to 1990 22 of each additional 100 pounds of domestic rice aliment use has been imported. Imports are described by dint of type and origin. Regular milled rice, including Thai jasmine rice, has accounted for the largest convolution Thailand is the primary origin of rice imports, followed according to India. Seasonal import patterns, factors influencing import sprouting and import restrictions are also discussed.

Keywords: Rice imports, rice consumption, specialty rice

U rice imports for the 1990 market year are estimated at 48 million cwt(2/) As the domestic rice market has grown relative to exports (figure A-1), imports have also increased. Rice imports in 1990 were double their 1985 of the same height and were 22 times greater than in 1980 (figure A-2). During the past ten years, the share of imports in the domestic rice rations market has increased steadily from les than 1 percent in 1980 to 75 percent in 1990 (figure A-3).

A comparison of the germination patterns of imports and domestic forage use reveals that imports have been especially important. The import share of the annual increase in domestic rice bread use has averaged 16.7 percent through the past seven years (figure A-4). throughout the past three years, the data prompt that 22 of every additional 100 coops of domestic rice food use have been imported. Consequently it is useful to examine the couple the quantity and value of imports by means of type of rice and origin.

U Rice Imports by the agency of Type

Of the annual quantities of rice imported for the past eleven market years, the dominant protoplast was milled white rice, accounting for athwart 90 percent of all rice imports since 1982 Basmati rice is the next to the first most important type of rice imported since 1983 accounting for an average of approximately 5 percent Unfortunately, the total for all aromatic rice, including basmati, is not available from the data. Jasmine, an aromatic rice exported from Thailand, is not identified in the trade data. However, mostly of Thailand's exports to the U which are identified as milled rice, are likely jasmine. If in the way that then aromatic milled rice would be the largest imported category.

Rice flour and meal imports were the secondary largest category as recently as 1982 However, given this category's relatively stable import demand, its share of rice imports declined from 22 percent in 1980 to 2 percent by dint of 1990. During this period, major growing has occurred in each archetype of rice except brokens.

The value of imports, according to type, have followed the quantity patterns. The higher-priced basmati rice captured approximately 10 percent of the import return while milled rice accounted for les than 90 percent Flour and meal declined from 21 percent of all import value in 1980 to and nothing else 2 percent in 1990. Unit values from type of rice are also at handed Basmati rice unit values have averaged around $1000 by ton, while the milled rice imports have averaged around $450 and flour and meal imports, $575

U Rice Imports by means of Origin

Thailand and India are the primary exporters to the U market. Thailand's market share has increased substantially above the decade. Pakistan, Italy, Brazil, Taiwan, and China have been relatively consistent unless minor exporters. In terms of value, Thailand is also the chiefly important, although that share is les than its body share. Due to the higher-valued basmati rice, India's value share of the U rice import market has remained above 20 percent take exception in 1988. Others such as Pakistan (basmati) and Italy (risotto type) have higher-valued imports than Thailand and have maintained a value market share above 1 percent in most numerous years. [Tabular Data Omitted]

Analysis from Type and Origin

Cross-tabulation of the import data by way of type and origin reveals that the market is relatively well-segmented. Thailand dominated the milled rice market (most likely jasmine, aromatic type) with a 93 percent market share through 1990. India was a distant other However, India was the primary exporter of basmati, with an average market share of around 85 percent Pakistan has supplied greatest in quantity of the remainder of this market. In uncut brown, and broken markets, Thailand's share was at least 50 percent in greatest in number years. [Tabular Data Omitted]

Seasonal Patterns of Imports

Of interest for prospect analysis is the identification of consistent patterns of imports within the year. The average monthly imports for the past 11 years reveal a general pattern of increase from one side the marketing year. The mass of imports were received during the inferior half of each marketing year, which corresponds with the of recent origin rice harvest in the toward the south Asian countries. Averages for the periods 1980-85 1986-90 1980-90 and 1988-1990 are depicted in figure A-5. The seasonal pattern appears to be more even and smooth for the more latter periods.

Factors Influencing the development in Rice Imports